Sources of Indian Constitution

Source of Indian Constitution	Description
Government of India Act, 1935	The Indian Constitution drew several provisions from this act, including federal structure, office of the governor, judiciary, public service commissions, and emergency provisions.
The Constitution of USA	The Indian Constitution borrowed concepts such as fundamental rights, the separation of powers, and the judicial review from the United States Constitution.
The Constitution of the United Kingdom	The concept of parliamentary government, the rule of law, legislative procedure, and the office of the Speaker were influenced by the UK Constitution.
The Constitution of Canada	The Indian Constitution borrowed the idea of a federation with a strong center, a parliamentary form of government, and the concept of residuary powers from the Canadian Constitution.
The Constitution of Ireland	The Indian Constitution incorporated provisions related to the nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha (Upper House of Parliament) from the Irish Constitution.
The Constitution of Australia	The Indian Constitution adopted provisions regarding concurrent list, freedom of trade, commerce, and inter-state trade from the Australian Constitution.
The Constitution of Germany	Provisions related to suspension of fundamental rights during emergencies were influenced by the German Constitution.
The Constitution of South Africa	The Indian Constitution incorporated the concept of the directive principles of state policy from the South African Constitution.
The Constitution of Japan	The Indian Constitution drew inspiration for provisions related to the method of amending the Constitution from the Japanese Constitution.
Ancient Indian texts and customs	The Constitution drew inspiration from ancient Indian texts and customs, such as the Vedas, Manusmriti, and Arthashastra, to incorporate ideas like justice, morality, and duties of the citizens.