Schedules to the Constitution

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 The Constitution of India has a total of 12 Schedules, which provide various lists, forms, and provisions related to different aspects of governance. Here is the list of Schedules in the Indian Constitution:

1. First Schedule: This schedule contains the list of States and Union Territories of India, along with their territorial boundaries and names of their respective capitals.

2. Second Schedule: This schedule deals with the provisions regarding the emoluments, allowances, and privileges of the President, Vice-President, and the Governor of States.

3. Third Schedule: This schedule contains the forms of oaths or affirmations to be taken by the President, Members of Parliament, Ministers, Judges, and other constitutional functionaries.

4. Fourth Schedule: This schedule pertains to the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) among the States and Union Territories.

5. Fifth Schedule: This schedule provides for the administration and control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes. It contains provisions for the protection and welfare of tribal communities in certain specified areas.

6. Sixth Schedule: This schedule deals with the provisions for the administration of tribal areas in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. It provides for the establishment of autonomous district councils and regional councils in these areas.

7. Seventh Schedule: This schedule contains the division of powers between the Union (Central Government) and the States. It consists of three lists:

   a. Union List: It includes subjects on which only the Union Government has the authority to make laws.

   b. State List: It includes subjects on which only the State Governments have the authority to make laws.

   c. Concurrent List: It includes subjects on which both the Union and the State Governments can make laws.

8. Eighth Schedule: This schedule lists the official languages recognized by the Indian Constitution. It currently includes 22 languages.

9. Ninth Schedule: This schedule provides protection to certain laws from judicial review. Laws included in this schedule are immune from legal scrutiny on the grounds of violating fundamental rights.

10. Tenth Schedule: This schedule contains provisions regarding the disqualification of Members of Parliament and Members of State Legislatures on grounds of defection.

11. Eleventh Schedule: This schedule lists the powers, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats (rural local governments).

12. Twelfth Schedule: This schedule lists the powers, authority, and responsibilities of Municipalities (urban local governments).

These schedules are integral parts of the Indian Constitution and serve as important references for the functioning of the government and the protection of various rights and interests.