Charter Act, 1793

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 The Charter Act of 1793 was an act of the British Parliament that renewed the charter of the British East India Company and extended its monopoly over trade with India for another 20 years. The act was the fifth in a series of charter acts that regulated the company's affairs in India.

The Charter Act of 1793 made several important changes to the way that the East India Company operated in India. One of the most significant changes was the establishment of a new system of Indian governance, which was based on the principle of "subsidiary alliance." Under this system, the British government would enter into alliances with Indian rulers, who would agree to provide troops and resources to the British in exchange for British protection and support.

The Charter Act of 1793 also established a new court of appeal, known as the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, which had jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases in the company's territories in India. The court was staffed by British judges, who were appointed by the Crown.

Another important provision of the Charter Act of 1793 was the requirement that the company send regular reports to the British government detailing its activities and finances in India. This increased transparency helped to address concerns about corruption and mismanagement within the company.

Overall, the Charter Act of 1793 represented an important step in the development of British colonial rule in India. The act helped to establish a more formalized system of Indian governance, and it increased British control over the East India Company's affairs in India. However, it also laid the groundwork for the continued expansion of British influence in India, which would eventually lead to the establishment of direct British rule in the 19th century.